A columnar database is a type of database in which data is organised and stored in columns rather than rows. In a traditional relational database, data is stored in rows and each row represents an instance of an entity. In contrast, in a columnar database, each column represents a variable or attribute and all rows have the same attributes.
This type of data organisation is particularly suitable for data analysis and processing applications, including artificial intelligence and machine learning, as it allows faster and more efficient data retrieval for data aggregation and filtering operations.
Columnar databases are often used in big data applications and distributed processing environments, as they enable high performance in aggregation queries and analysis of large datasets. Some of the most popular columnar databases include Apache Cassandra, Apache HBase and Apache Druid.
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